Prototype of automatic security and control system for smart home using ESP32 microcontroller
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Despite advances in Internet of Things (IoT) technology, IoT-based home security systems still face challenges in responsiveness and real-time threat detection. Most existing smart home systems focus on energy efficiency while rarely integrating essential security features into a unified platform. This study designed and implemented an automatic smart home security system prototype integrating three subsystems—smart door lock, window security, and LPG gas leak detection—based on the ESP32 microcontroller connected to the Blynk application. Using a quantitative experimental approach, the system was tested through simulated household security scenarios, with data analyzed using Microsoft Excel and MATLAB. Results demonstrated a 99% operational success rate, 1.5-second average response time for gas detection and notification delivery, 98% gas sensor accuracy, and 99.2% data transmission success rate. The system successfully integrated the MQ-135 sensor, keypad-based smart lock, and window sensors into a centralized platform accessible remotely via Wi-Fi. This research contributes to embedded system and IoT technology advancement by providing a low-cost, scalable solution for smart home security with potential applications in small- and medium-scale industrial environments and future enhancement through AI and machine learning integration.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Alharbey, R., Shafiq, A., Daud, A., Dawood, H., Bukhari, A., & Alshemaimri, B. (2024). Digital twin technology for enhanced smart grid performance: integrating sustainability, security, and efficiency. Frontiers in Energy Research. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2024.1397748
Al-Sheikh, M. (2025). IoT-Enabled Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System Using ESP32 and Blynk for Real-Time Monitoring and Energy Optimization. Jupiter: Publikasi Ilmu Keteknikan Industri, Teknik Elektro Dan Informatika. https://doi.org/10.61132/jupiter.v3i1.695
Ariwibowo, M. R., Juhaeriyah, J., Nugroho, E. A., & Mutaqim, R. (2023). IoT- Based Smart Security System Using Infrared Sensor as Motion Detector. ITEJ (Information Technology Engineering Journals). https://doi.org/10.24235/itej.v8i1.109
Deva, S. Y. (2025). Smart Home Using ESP32 and ESP RainMaker. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 13(2), 1416–1421. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.67083
Divya, P. S., Devaraj, V., & Aswin, V. (2023). Wi-Fi Door Lock Using Esp32 Cam and Blynk. Electrical and Automation Engineering, 2(1), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.46632/eae/2/1/18
Elhattab, K., & Abouelmehdi, K. (2024). Intelligent agriculture system using low energy and based on the use of the internet of things. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v13i2.6346
Fakhruddin, A. (2024). Rancang Bangun Sistem Keamanan Pintu Rumah Berbasis Internet of Things Dengan Esp32 Dan Aplikasi Blynk. E-Link: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Dan Informatika. https://doi.org/10.30587/e-link.v19i1.7600
Foysal, F. M., Mondal, S., Riyad, T., Sikder, S., Hasan, J., Amir, Md. A., Mishu, S. S., & Rahman, M. S. (2025). Scalable IoT-based Smart Plant Monitoring and Control System for Sustainable Agriculture. Journal of Engineering Research and Reports. https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2025/v27i11365
Hasan, T., Abrar, M. A., Saimon, M. Z. R., Sayeduzzaman, Md., & Islam, Md. S. (2023). Constructing An Integrated IoT-based Smart Home with An Automated Fire and Smoke Security Alert System. Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology. https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v3i1.125
Jumaa, N., Abdulkhaleq, Y., Nadhim, M., & Abbas, T. (2022). IoT Based Gas Leakage Detection and Alarming System using Blynk platforms. Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering. https://doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.18.1.8
Juwariyah, T., Prayitno, S., Krisnawati, L., & Sulasminingsih, S. (2021). Design of IoT-Based Home Fire Detection System Equipped with a Data Logger. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1125. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1125/1/012079
Kumar, Dr. A. P. (2024). Advanced Surveillance System using ESP32. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 12(6), 1698–1704. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63372
Macheso, P., & Thotho, D. (2022). ESP32 Based Electric Energy Consumption Meter. International Journal of Computer Communication and Informatics. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijcci2213
Maesaroh, S., Nurmalasari, R. R., Sukoco, A., Pratama, V., Prihatmanto, A., & Kurniawan, M. (2023). Hioto (Home IoT Automation) System for Gas Monitoring and Safety System for Remote Surveillance and Control via Blynk App. 2023 9th International Conference on Wireless and Telematics (ICWT), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/icwt58823.2023.10335352
Maulana, I., Azriadi, E., & Musrido, J. (2023). Rancang Bangun Sistem Smart Door Lock Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Esp32 Berbasis Internet Of Things (Iot) dan Smartphone Android. Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi, 6(1), 195–208. https://doi.org/10.31004/jutin.v6i1.15123
Palkar, P. (2025). IoT-Based Home Monitoring System Using ESP32CAM Surveillance. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.69014
Raafi Jauhari, M., Eliza, F., Candra, O., & Mukhaiyar, R. (2024). The design of carbon monoxide gas control systems in rooms based on IoT. 5(1), 234–242.
Razali, C. M. C., Samsudin, S., Mahabob, N. Z., & Aalayamani, M. (2024). Design Low-Cost IoT Smart Home System with Comfort and Humidity Control using NodeMCU ESP 32 Microcontroller. Journal of Advanced Research in Micro and Nano Engineering, 26(1), 66–82. https://doi.org/10.37934/armne.26.1.6682
Shivani, D. (2024). Smart Home Warning System Using ESP- 32 Cam. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60280
Shivani, Dr. J. L. D. (2024). Smart Home Warning System Using ESP- 32 Cam. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 12(4), 2152–2156. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60280
Sitanggang, D., Sitompul, C. S., Suyanto, J. H., Kumar, S., & Indra, E. (2022). Analysis of Air Quality Measuring Device Using Internet of Things-Based MQ-135 Sensor. SinkrOn, 7(3), 1078–1084. https://doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v7i3.11618
Suwartika, R., & Den Restu Singgih. (2021a). Designing An IOT-Based Smart Home Control Using Blink Application and ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module. Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik), 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37339/e-komtek.v5i1.359
Suwartika, R., & Den Restu Singgih. (2021b). Designing An IOT-Based Smart Home Control Using Blink Application and ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module. Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik), 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37339/e-komtek.v5i1.359
Swathi, Mrs. K. (2023). IoT Based Smart Home Automation System. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 11(11), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56506
Taiwo, O., & Absalom, E. (2021). Internet of Things-Based Intelligent Smart Home Control System. Secur. Commun. Networks, 2021, 9928254. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9928254
Tejaswi, T. S., Pranaya, P., Triveni, V., Tarun, M. T., Kanth, B. V., & Kumar, Mr. K. R. (2025). Smart Surveillance System. Interantional Journal of Scientific Research In Engineering And Management. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem43425
Tirta, I. D., Wisaksono, A., Ahfas, A., & Jamaaluddin, J. (2024). Home Surveillance Monitoring with Esp32-Cam and SD Card For Data Storage. Journal of Computer Networks, Architecture and High Performance Computing. https://doi.org/10.47709/cnahpc.v6i1.3498